Your cards will not work
Visa and Mastercard have not functioned in Russia since 2022. Cards issued outside Russia are refused everywhere, ATMs will not dispense against them, and Apple Pay and Google Pay do not work. Foreign transfers are largely blocked by sanctions.
This means carrying the entire cost of a trip in physical cash, with no way to replace it if it is lost or stolen — a serious problem in itself.
Detention risk and consular access
Foreign nationals, including journalists, academics and ordinary tourists, have been detained on espionage and drug charges with little evidence and held for long periods. Embassies are operating at reduced capacity and consular access is frequently delayed or refused.
Dual nationals are a particular case: Russia does not recognise the second nationality, which removes consular protection entirely, and men with Russian citizenship may be subject to mobilisation.